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Front: Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre (1895-1979), a Peruvian political leader

Haya de la Torre was the founder of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) party. Although he was twice elected President of Peru, the Peruvian military staged a coup to prevent him from taking office both times.

Back: Chamber of National Congress

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Front: Jose Hipolito Unanue (1758-1833), a physician

He founded the anatomical museum of Lima, and, as a professor of the medical college, took part in the publication of the "Mercurio Peruano," editing several articles under the pseudonym of "Ariosto."

He was cosmographer of the viceroyalty, and in this post took, from 1793 till 1797, the census of Peru and published a political, ecclesiastic, and military guide to the country.

He was greatly esteemed by all the European scientists that visited Peru, and a plant, " Unanuea febrifuga," was named in his honor.

He founded the medical college of San Fernando, for which service he was appointed honorary physician of the royal chamber.

After the beginning of the revolution he favored the patriot cause, and in 1812 was elected deputy to the Spanish Cortes for Arequipa. When the independent government was installed, Unanue was appointed minister of the treasury, and afterward he was president of the first constituent congress, vice-president of the Society of the friends of the country, and a member of the council of state. He possessed the confidence of Bolivar, and when the latter abandoned Peru he appointed Unanue president of the council of ministers, which governed the country.

Back: Medical college of San Fernando

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This note is not in my collection. Scans courtesy of Ron Wise

Front: Antonio Raimondi (1826-1890), a prominent Italian-born Peruvian geographer and scientist

Born in Milan, Raimondi immigrated to Peru in 1850. In 1851 he became a professor of natural history. In 1856, he was one of the founding professors of the medical school at the National University of San Marcos where, in 1861, he founded the analytical chemistry department.

A popular figure in Peru, Raimondi is the namesake of many Peruvian cultural institutions, including schools, theaters, museums, and institutes of higher learning. The Antonio Raimondi Province in the Ancash Region of Peru is also named after him. Some of his biological discoveries also carry his name, such as the Neoraimondia genus of cactus.

Back: Indian comforting Raimondi

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Front: José Abelardo Quiñones Gonzales (1914-1941), a national war hero

He was killed on July 23, 1941 in a mission attacking troops from Ecuador that had entered Perú.

As an honor to José Quiñones; July 23rd is now designated as the Peruvian Air Forces Day.

Back: Inverted biplane, signifying the pilot's death